怎样自我纠正发音 (by 晋鸿琪)
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span style="COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"><font color="#000000">注：文中使用了金山的音标字库，个别处待修正。</font></span></span><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span style="COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">怎 样 自 我 纠 正 发 音</span><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">晋 鸿 琪</span><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">经常有人提出这样的问题<span lang="EN-US">: </span>我的发音不准<span lang="EN-US">, </span>请您给我纠正一下发音。问题似很简单<span lang="EN-US">, </span>其实却远非如此。</span><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">这个问题的本身可能含有这样几层意思<span lang="EN-US">: </span>一、他的整体语音素质不佳<span lang="EN-US">; </span>二、他有个别或若干发音错误<span lang="EN-US">, </span>即对某一个或几个英语的基本发音有误<span lang="EN-US">; </span>三、他已意识到自己的发音有毛病<span lang="EN-US">, </span>很想有一口好的英语发音<span lang="EN-US">, </span>但又苦于找不到解决的办法。如属前者<span lang="EN-US">, </span>则需进行系统训。但在学习英语的人中<span lang="EN-US">, </span>英语的基本发音全然不对者也实属罕见<span lang="EN-US">, </span>所以这里只讨论在学习或应用英语的过程中<span lang="EN-US">, </span>自我改善或纠正英语发音应注意的几个问题。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> 1. </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">不放过任何一个基本发音错误</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">为了说明这个问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这里举一个汉语拼音的例子<span lang="EN-US">, </span>比如由于方言的关系<span lang="EN-US">, </span>有人把<span lang="EN-US"> en</span>、<span lang="EN-US">in</span>中的 “<span lang="EN-US">-n”</span>一律读成了<span lang="EN-US"> “-ng</span>”<span lang="EN-US">, </span>在一次谈话<span lang="EN-US">, </span>一个报告<span lang="EN-US">, </span>一篇文章中<span lang="EN-US">, </span>含有<span lang="EN-US"> “-in” </span>和<span lang="EN-US"> “-en” </span>发音的字或词太多了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>如果这样<span lang="EN-US">, </span>讲起话来就全变味了。请读一读下面的句子<span lang="EN-US">, </span>对下面画线的词要按其后括号中所注的汉语拼音来读<span lang="EN-US">, </span>看是什么效果。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">人们<span lang="EN-US">(rengmeng)</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">普遍认<span lang="EN-US">(reng)</span>为深圳人<span lang="EN-US">(shengzheng reng)</span>的今<span lang="EN-US">(jing)</span>天就是我们<span lang="EN-US">(meng)</span>的明天。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">如果把它带到英语里<span lang="EN-US">, </span>其表现形式必然是用<span lang="EN-US"> [</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">N</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">] </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">来代替音节末尾的<span lang="EN-US"> </span>。虽然只是一音之差<span lang="EN-US">, </span>但它足可以影响全句乃至全篇的。如 “<span lang="EN-US">Seven students listen to Lesson Seventeen.”</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>就读成了<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">['sev</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">N</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> 'stju:d</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">N</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">ts 'lis</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">N</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> t</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">E</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> 'les</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">N</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> 'sev</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">N</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">ti:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">N</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">]. </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">诸如此类的问题可以列出好多好多<span lang="EN-US">, </span>又如<span lang="EN-US">, </span>由于方言的影响<span lang="EN-US">, </span>有人把<span lang="EN-US">[</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">B</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">:]</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">和<span lang="EN-US">[</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">Q</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">] </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">读成了<span lang="EN-US">[</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">C</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">], </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">结果必然是<span lang="EN-US"> car , cup , party , but , </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">这样说出的话就很难听得懂了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>如<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> The 'bus coming from the park 'runs very fast.</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> [</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">TE</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> 'b</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">C</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">s k</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">C</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">mi</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">N</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> fr</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">E</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">m </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">TE</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> p</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">C</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">k 'r</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">CNz</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> veri f</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "Kingsoft Phonetic Plain";">C</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">st ]</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">这就好比一件漂亮的衣服<span lang="EN-US">, </span>染上了一个不大的污点或穿了一个很小的洞<span lang="EN-US">, </span>有的人也许并不十分介意<span lang="EN-US">(</span>如同读错了一个音<span lang="EN-US">), </span>可如果这样的一个污点或小洞在这件衣服上多处出现或弄得到处都是<span lang="EN-US">(</span>如同同一个语音错误满篇都是<span lang="EN-US">), </span>那会怎么样呢？</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">任何一个发音都会在文章或讲话中反复多次出现<span lang="EN-US">, </span>随便放过一个错误的发音意味着什么<span lang="EN-US">, </span>是不言而谕的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>轻者会影响讲话效果<span lang="EN-US">, </span>重者别人干脆就听不懂了。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> 2. </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">了解自己的发音错误</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">在很多情况下<span lang="EN-US">, </span>有些人并不真正了解自己都有哪些发音错误<span lang="EN-US">, </span>是在一种盲目的情况下去寻求帮助的。生活中常碰到这种情况<span lang="EN-US">, </span>有人很客气地问道<span lang="EN-US">: </span>我的语音不太好<span lang="EN-US">, </span>发音不正确<span lang="EN-US">, </span>请帮我纠正一下发音。可是<span lang="EN-US">, </span>若反过来要他<span lang="EN-US">, </span>你哪个或哪几个音发不好<span lang="EN-US">, </span>请读一读<span lang="EN-US">, </span>好知道问题究竟出在什么地方。令人吃惊的是<span lang="EN-US">, </span>他竟然说不出自己的问题到底是什么<span lang="EN-US">, </span>即自己不了解自己。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">这是个学习方法问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>也是个思想方法问题。其实<span lang="EN-US">, </span>他绝不是全部的发音都错了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>而是少数或个别的发音不正确。搞不清自己的问题是什么<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这叫学习上的无的放矢<span lang="EN-US">, </span>其结果必然是事倍功半。比如一个人到医院去看医生<span lang="EN-US">, </span>不向医生提供自己病情的有关信息资料<span lang="EN-US">, </span>只是对医生说<span lang="EN-US">: </span>我感觉不太好<span lang="EN-US">, </span>身体有病<span lang="EN-US">, </span>请给我治一治。如果仅此而矣<span lang="EN-US">, </span>医生是很难下手的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>于是就要向病人询问一番<span lang="EN-US">, </span>并进行必要的检查<span lang="EN-US">, </span>直到弄清楚到底是什么病<span lang="EN-US">, </span>是身体哪一部分出了问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>然后<span lang="EN-US">, </span>才能对症下药<span lang="EN-US">, </span>将病治好。 纠正发音也一样<span lang="EN-US">, </span>自己要了解自己的问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这本身就是一个认识与学习的过程<span lang="EN-US">, </span>然后再有的放矢地向老师或同学请教<span lang="EN-US">, </span>只有这样才能收到事半功倍的效果。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> 3. </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">不使同一错误重复出现</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">“师父领进门<span lang="EN-US">, </span>修行在个人<span lang="EN-US">”</span>。看来<span lang="EN-US">, </span>师父的责任是给徒弟指出一条路<span lang="EN-US">, </span>找到一个门<span lang="EN-US">, </span>并将徒弟领进去<span lang="EN-US">, </span>师父解决的是桥和路的问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>是外因。而进门之后<span lang="EN-US">, </span>修行不修行<span lang="EN-US">, </span>怎么修行<span lang="EN-US">, </span>能否修成正果<span lang="EN-US">, </span>则要看徒弟自己的了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>徒弟解决的是实践问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>是内因。允许同样的错误重复出现<span lang="EN-US">, </span>是我们学习乃至工作、生活之大忌。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">就说英语发音吧<span lang="EN-US">, </span>重复出现同一错误的现象是屡见不鲜的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>老师常常要对同一个错误重复讲解、纠正。应当说<span lang="EN-US">, </span>每次讲解的问题都已经解决了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>可往往是今天讲了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>明天又要讲<span lang="EN-US">, </span>后天还得讲<span lang="EN-US">, </span>下次来了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>同样的错误又重复出现了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>总也跳不出这个怪圈<span lang="EN-US">; </span>又如<span lang="EN-US">, </span>单独发某个音时是正确的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>练习做的也不错<span lang="EN-US">, </span>可以说没什么问题了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>但换换地方<span lang="EN-US">, </span>放到句子中来读<span lang="EN-US">, </span>却还是错的<span lang="EN-US">; </span>再如<span lang="EN-US">, </span>在听录音<span lang="EN-US">, </span>看电视<span lang="EN-US">, </span>与别人特别是与外国人交谈时<span lang="EN-US">, </span>也能发现自己的发音错误<span lang="EN-US">, </span>并进行了认真的纠正<span lang="EN-US">, </span>问题可算解决了吧<span lang="EN-US">, </span>可到自己读或讲英语时<span lang="EN-US">, </span>老毛病却照犯不误。这里的老师、录音、外国人都可以说是师父<span lang="EN-US">, </span>他们都把徒弟引进了门<span lang="EN-US">, </span>可有的人总是修行不成<span lang="EN-US">, </span>为什么？</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">“修行在个人”<span lang="EN-US">, </span>在个人的什么<span lang="EN-US">, </span>最重要的就在于<span lang="EN-US"> “</span>战胜自我<span lang="EN-US">”</span>。这同许多的社会现象一样<span lang="EN-US">, </span>要战胜一种旧的习惯势力和旧的传统观念<span lang="EN-US">, </span>谈何容易！一种错误的发音<span lang="EN-US">, </span>一但成为习惯<span lang="EN-US">, </span>要用一种新的正确的发音来代替它竟是这样难！ 这就需要根据自身的环境条件<span lang="EN-US">, </span>来规定一些约束自己的规矩<span lang="EN-US">, </span>采取一定的方法<span lang="EN-US">, </span>建立起新的正确的发音习惯<span lang="EN-US">, </span>以代替旧的错误的发音习惯。下面介绍几种情况<span lang="EN-US">, </span>希望能引起读者的共鸣。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> (</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">１<span lang="EN-US">) </span>其实在我们的工作、学习、劳动、生活、娱乐等活动中这种用新的方式、习惯来代替旧的方式、习惯的情况并不少见<span lang="EN-US">, </span>有的人还做的不错<span lang="EN-US">, </span>只是不留意罢了。比如<span lang="EN-US">, </span>弹钢琴、拉小提琴、拉二胡等<span lang="EN-US">, </span>经常需要变调<span lang="EN-US">; </span>各种球赛<span lang="EN-US">, </span>经常需要改换打法<span lang="EN-US">; </span>工作方法的调整<span lang="EN-US">, </span>生产方式的改进<span lang="EN-US">, </span>管理模式的更新<span lang="EN-US">, </span>工作岗位的调换<span lang="EN-US">, </span>生活环境的改变<span lang="EN-US"> …… </span>所有这一切都有个以新代旧的问题。如果谁有这方面的锻炼<span lang="EN-US">, </span>适应能力较强<span lang="EN-US">, </span>把它借过来用到学习上不就行了吗。要纠正一个错误发音<span lang="EN-US">, </span>应当是很容易的事<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这一次知道了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>下一次改过来就行了。在学习英语的过程中如此自我纠正发音错误的情况屡见不鲜<span lang="EN-US">, </span>往往是纠正一次就够了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>且印象至深<span lang="EN-US">, </span>永不再忘。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> (</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">２<span lang="EN-US">) </span>如果谁在这方面锻炼较少<span lang="EN-US">, </span>适应能力较差<span lang="EN-US">, </span>那他就应有意识地自己难为自己<span lang="EN-US">, </span>为自己设计一套强制训练的程序<span lang="EN-US">, </span>用最短的时间来强迫自己改掉旧的习惯<span lang="EN-US">, </span>换上新的习惯。如<span lang="EN-US">: </span>有人说话时带有严重的鼻音<span lang="EN-US">, </span>讲英语、汉语都一样<span lang="EN-US">, </span>听起来很不舒服。其原因是发音方法不对<span lang="EN-US"> — </span>发音时<span lang="EN-US">(</span>汉语或英语<span lang="EN-US">), </span>鼻腔一律是打开的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>即软颚没有把气流通往鼻腔的通道挡住<span lang="EN-US">, </span>结果是鼻腔、口腔同时并用<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这就是土语里说的<span lang="EN-US"> “</span>囔鼻子<span lang="EN-US">”</span>。为了纠正这一毛病<span lang="EN-US">, </span>不妨选上几十个不含鼻音的汉字和英语单词<span lang="EN-US">, </span>用手捏着鼻子来读。 结果<span lang="EN-US">, </span>鼻腔被堵塞了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>气流只能从口腔通过<span lang="EN-US">, </span>于是鼻音就给去掉了。象这样的强制性练习还可列出许多<span lang="EN-US">, </span>每遇到一种错误或一个问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>都可以因人而异地设计一个方案<span lang="EN-US">, </span>做一些特殊训练<span lang="EN-US">, </span>实践证明，结果都是很奏效的。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> (</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">３<span lang="EN-US">) </span>互相纠正<span lang="EN-US">, </span>或说互相监督、互相制约<span lang="EN-US">, </span>也是一种行之有效的方法。这和监督、制约能防治腐败的道理是一样的。这里向您推荐一个办法<span lang="EN-US">, </span>也是一条成功的经验：选一个与自己犯有不同发音错误的伙伴<span lang="EN-US">, </span>双方对自己习惯性的错误不易发觉<span lang="EN-US">, </span>但对对方的错误却很敏感<span lang="EN-US">, </span>互相发现并指出对方的错误是很容易的事。双方生活<span lang="EN-US">, </span>学习<span lang="EN-US">, </span>常在一起<span lang="EN-US">, </span>发现问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>随时纠正<span lang="EN-US">, </span>很是方便<span lang="EN-US">, </span>也很见效果。当然<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这需要有改正错误的欲望、接受批评的诚意和助人为乐的耐心。不难看出<span lang="EN-US">, </span>学习的过程也是塑造人性的过程。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> 4. </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">做到心<span lang="EN-US">(</span>心里想的<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、口<span lang="EN-US">(</span>口上读的<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、手<span lang="EN-US">(</span>用手写的<span lang="EN-US">)</span>一致。若问<span lang="EN-US"> “</span>你读英语的时候<span lang="EN-US">, </span>知道不知道自己读的都是那些音？<span lang="EN-US">” </span>回答会是肯定的<span lang="EN-US">: “</span>当然知道<span lang="EN-US">”</span>。其实并非如此。若又问 “你能不能把你读的词、句用音标的形式写下来<span lang="EN-US">?” </span>这时的回答就不那么肯定了。若再问<span lang="EN-US">: “</span>这里明明注有音标<span lang="EN-US">, </span>你读的怎么跟音标表述的不一样？<span lang="EN-US">” </span>回答说<span lang="EN-US">: “</span>是吗<span lang="EN-US">! </span>我也是按音标读的呀<span lang="EN-US">! ” </span>其实<span lang="EN-US">, </span>音标注音对他就没起作用。这就意味着心、口、手不一致<span lang="EN-US">, </span>对此<span lang="EN-US">, </span>大概又分以下几种情况<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> (</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">１<span lang="EN-US">) </span>读的时候根本就不知道到自己读的是哪个或哪些音<span lang="EN-US">, </span>也不知道这个词在这个地方应该怎么读<span lang="EN-US">(</span>如词形的变化、词性的变化、结构的变化都会引起读音的变化<span lang="EN-US">), </span>自己又是怎么读的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>更不知道某个词或某个音在句中发生了哪些语音变化<span lang="EN-US">(</span>如句子重音的变化<span lang="EN-US">, </span>节奏的变化<span lang="EN-US">, </span>语调的变化等语音环境的变化等<span lang="EN-US">, </span>都会引起读音的变化<span lang="EN-US">), </span>只是凭着自己在初学单词时对它的印象来读眼前的这些词句<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这是一种粗放性的读法。这就如同唱歌时没想到曲谱是什么<span lang="EN-US">, </span>不知道每句歌词的音高到底是什么一样地糟糕。据说<span lang="EN-US">, </span>现在真有唱歌而不识乐谱<span lang="EN-US">, </span>学歌而不学识谱的。这可谓是学习上的一种不正之风。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> (</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">２<span lang="EN-US">) </span>自己读的单词、句子<span lang="EN-US">, </span>自己不能用音标形式标出来<span lang="EN-US">, </span>实际上不知道自己读的都是些什么音。但单词却会读会写<span lang="EN-US">, </span>现行的国际音标符号也会读会写。实际上这是拼写、注音、读音的不同步、不统一<span lang="EN-US">, </span>在这种情况下<span lang="EN-US">, </span>自己读得正确与否<span lang="EN-US">, </span>心中全然没数。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> (</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">３<span lang="EN-US">) </span>有时<span lang="EN-US">, </span>单词会写<span lang="EN-US">, </span>也能将其用音标形式标出来<span lang="EN-US">, </span>从书面上看是完全正确的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>可读起来就走样了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>写的是一回事<span lang="EN-US">, </span>读的却是另一回事。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><line id="_x0000_s1040" to="192.75pt,69.75pt" from="177.75pt,69.75pt" oallowincell="f" style="Z-INDEX: 11; LEFT: 0px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin;"></line><line></line><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">这有可能是对音标的发音太不熟悉<span lang="EN-US">, </span>不清楚它们的正确发音到底是什么。音标是一套书写符号<span lang="EN-US">, </span>是用来记录语言声音的。本来在原文中对词、句的语音记录<span lang="EN-US">(</span>注音<span lang="EN-US">)</span>是正确的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>可由于对它们太不熟悉<span lang="EN-US">, </span>即对它们的基本发音有误<span lang="EN-US">, </span>结果是原来正确的语音记录<span lang="EN-US">(</span>注音<span lang="EN-US">), </span>却被还原成了一种错误的语音效果<span lang="EN-US">, </span>虽也是按音标读的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>但读出的效果却是错误的。这是没学好英语基本发音的必然后果。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">也可能是根本就不在意所读单词的正确注音<span lang="EN-US">, </span>不管它是怎么注音的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>只管按自己对单词发音的认识与了解来读<span lang="EN-US">, </span>结果是用音标符号对单词发音的表述就成为可有可无或多余的了。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">所谓的一致<span lang="EN-US">, </span>应是心里是怎么想的<span lang="EN-US">(</span>想到的正确读音<span lang="EN-US">), </span>口里就应该是怎么读的<span lang="EN-US">(</span>读出来的音与想的完全一致<span lang="EN-US">), </span>用手也应该是怎么写的<span lang="EN-US">(</span>用字母拼写和用音标记录与心里想的、口里读的完全一致<span lang="EN-US">), </span>反过来也一样。当然<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这种一致并不意味着它一定是正确的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>读错或用音标写错的事也是常有的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>但那并不是不能按音标把它读好、写好<span lang="EN-US">, </span>而是心里想的就该是那么读、那么写的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>即心里想的就是错的<span lang="EN-US">; </span>同理<span lang="EN-US">, </span>当给单词注音时<span lang="EN-US">, </span>也可能是错的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>那也是因为心里想着就应该那么做的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>当然读起来<span lang="EN-US">, </span>自然就会按错误的注音来读的。听<span lang="EN-US">, </span>也一样<span lang="EN-US">, </span>凡是听得懂的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>就不仅能用词语把它写出来<span lang="EN-US">, </span>还一定能用音标把它注出来<span lang="EN-US">, </span>当按文字或注音再来读时<span lang="EN-US">, </span>结果也一定会跟听的完全一致<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这就表明心、口、手是一致的。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> 5. </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">向他人学习</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">学习含 <span lang="EN-US">“</span>学<span lang="EN-US">”</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>和 <span lang="EN-US">“</span>习<span lang="EN-US">”</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>两层意思<span lang="EN-US">, “</span>学<span lang="EN-US">”</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>就是 <span lang="EN-US">“</span>问<span lang="EN-US">”</span><span lang="EN-US">, </span>分 <span lang="EN-US">“</span>心问<span lang="EN-US">(</span>动脑<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、口问<span lang="EN-US">(</span>动口<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、手问<span lang="EN-US">(</span>动手<span lang="EN-US">)”, </span>其中 <span lang="EN-US">“</span>心问<span lang="EN-US">”</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>为三问之首<span lang="EN-US">; “</span>习<span lang="EN-US">”</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>就是 <span lang="EN-US">“</span>做<span lang="EN-US">”</span>。<span lang="EN-US">“</span>问<span lang="EN-US">”</span>重在取得对理论概念的理解和寻求解决问题的方法<span lang="EN-US">, </span>三问各有侧重<span lang="EN-US">, </span>但又不能截然分开<span lang="EN-US">, </span>它们是辩证统一的。<span lang="EN-US">“</span>做<span lang="EN-US">”</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>是以<span lang="EN-US"> “</span>问<span lang="EN-US">” </span>为基础的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>重在动脑、动口、动手对<span lang="EN-US"> “</span>问<span lang="EN-US">” </span>进行验证<span lang="EN-US">; </span>同时<span lang="EN-US">, “</span>做<span lang="EN-US">” </span>反过来又对<span lang="EN-US"> “</span>问<span lang="EN-US">” </span>充实、丰富和提高。<span lang="EN-US">“</span>问<span lang="EN-US">” </span>和<span lang="EN-US"> “</span>做<span lang="EN-US">”</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>是相辅相成和交互作用的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>且常常是循环往返地进行的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这种<span lang="EN-US"> “</span>问<span lang="EN-US">—</span>做<span lang="EN-US">—</span>问<span lang="EN-US">—</span>做<span lang="EN-US">”</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>循环进行的过程就构成了一个完整的学习过程。学习的这种交互<span lang="EN-US"> “</span>问、做<span lang="EN-US">”</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>过程的实现<span lang="EN-US">, </span>可图示如下<span lang="EN-US">, </span>该图反映的学习过程<span lang="EN-US">, </span>通俗点说就是<span lang="EN-US">: </span></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">问问→做做<span lang="EN-US">, </span>做做→问问<span lang="EN-US"> </span>再问→再做<span lang="EN-US"> </span>再做→再问<span lang="EN-US">, </span>问中有做<span lang="EN-US">, </span>做中有问。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><roundrect id="_x0000_s1041" strokeweight="2pt" stroked="f" fillcolor="#ccc" arcsize="10923f" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; Z-INDEX: 20; MARGIN-LEFT: 135.75pt; WIDTH: 17.25pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 26.25pt;"></roundrect><textbox inset="1pt,1pt,1pt,1pt" style="mso-next-textbox: #_x0000_s1041;"></textbox><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent;"><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">做</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><textbox></textbox><roundrect></roundrect><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><oval id="_x0000_s1042" filled="f" strokeweight="1pt" oallowincell="f" style="MARGIN-TOP: 14.25pt; Z-INDEX: 2; MARGIN-LEFT: 106.5pt; WIDTH: 72.75pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 71.25pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin;"></oval><stroke dashstyle="1 1"></stroke><stroke></stroke><oval></oval><oval id="_x0000_s1043" filled="f" strokeweight="2pt" oallowincell="f" style="MARGIN-TOP: 9.75pt; Z-INDEX: 1; MARGIN-LEFT: 92.25pt; WIDTH: 81pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 79.5pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin;"></oval><oval></oval><line id="_x0000_s1044" to="149.25pt,9pt" from="141pt,9pt" strokeweight="2pt" oallowincell="f" style="Z-INDEX: 4; LEFT: 0px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin;"></line><stroke endarrowlength="short" endarrow="block"></stroke><stroke></stroke><line></line><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><roundrect id="_x0000_s1045" strokeweight="2pt" fillcolor="#ccc" arcsize="10923f" style="MARGIN-TOP: 9.75pt; Z-INDEX: 19; MARGIN-LEFT: 117pt; WIDTH: 51pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 31.5pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin;"></roundrect><textbox inset="0,0,0,0" style="mso-next-textbox: #_x0000_s1045;"></textbox><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent;"><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">学</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">习</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><textbox></textbox><roundrect></roundrect><line id="_x0000_s1046" to="117pt,12pt" from="111.75pt,5.25pt" strokeweight=".5pt" oallowincell="f" style="Z-INDEX: 15; LEFT: 0px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; flip: y;"></line><stroke startarrowlength="short" startarrow="block"></stroke><stroke></stroke><line></line><line id="_x0000_s1047" to="178.5pt,17.25pt" from="171.75pt,6.75pt" strokeweight="1pt" oallowincell="f" style="Z-INDEX: 14; LEFT: 0px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin;"></line><stroke startarrowlength="short" startarrow="block"></stroke><stroke></stroke><line></line><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><roundrect id="_x0000_s1048" strokeweight="2pt" stroked="f" fillcolor="#ccc" arcsize="10923f" oallowincell="f" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; Z-INDEX: 21; MARGIN-LEFT: 80.25pt; WIDTH: 17.25pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 28.5pt;"></roundrect><textbox inset="1pt,1pt,1pt,1pt" style="mso-next-textbox: #_x0000_s1048;"></textbox><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent;"><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">问</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><textbox></textbox><roundrect></roundrect><roundrect id="_x0000_s1049" strokeweight="2pt" stroked="f" fillcolor="#ccc" arcsize="10923f" oallowincell="f" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.75pt; Z-INDEX: 22; MARGIN-LEFT: 188.25pt; WIDTH: 17.25pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 27.75pt;"></roundrect><textbox inset="1pt,1pt,1pt,1pt" style="mso-next-textbox: #_x0000_s1049;"></textbox><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent;"><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">问</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><textbox></textbox><roundrect></roundrect><line id="_x0000_s1050" to="103.5pt,17.25pt" from="103.5pt,3.75pt" strokeweight="2pt" oallowincell="f" style="Z-INDEX: 12; LEFT: 0px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; flip: y;"></line><stroke endarrowlength="short" endarrow="block"></stroke><stroke></stroke><line></line><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><line id="_x0000_s1051" to="123pt,18.75pt" from="115.5pt,12pt" strokeweight=".5pt" oallowincell="f" style="Z-INDEX: 17; LEFT: 0px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; flip: x y;"></line><stroke startarrowlength="short" startarrow="block"></stroke><stroke></stroke><line></line><line id="_x0000_s1052" to="171pt,21.75pt" from="161.25pt,14.25pt" strokeweight=".5pt" oallowincell="f" style="Z-INDEX: 18; LEFT: 0px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; flip: x;"></line><stroke startarrowlength="short" startarrow="block"></stroke><stroke></stroke><line></line><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><roundrect id="_x0000_s1053" strokeweight="2pt" stroked="f" fillcolor="#ccc" arcsize="10923f" oallowincell="f" style="MARGIN-TOP: 15pt; Z-INDEX: 23; MARGIN-LEFT: 134.25pt; WIDTH: 17.25pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 27.75pt;"></roundrect><textbox inset="1pt,1pt,1pt,1pt" style="mso-next-textbox: #_x0000_s1053;"></textbox><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent;"><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">做</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><textbox></textbox><roundrect></roundrect><line id="_x0000_s1054" to="148.5pt,9pt" from="140.25pt,9pt" strokeweight="2pt" oallowincell="f" style="Z-INDEX: 6; LEFT: 0px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; flip: x;"></line><stroke endarrowlength="short" endarrow="block"></stroke><stroke></stroke><line></line><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">向他人学习是学习的一个重要方法。口问<span lang="EN-US">, </span>即向人请教<span lang="EN-US">, </span>就是常见的一种向他人学习的方式<span lang="EN-US">, </span>但仅此而矣是远远不够的。还必须心问<span lang="EN-US">, </span>即勤于用脑<span lang="EN-US">, </span>积极思考<span lang="EN-US">, </span>注意观察别人<span lang="EN-US">, </span>比较自己<span lang="EN-US">, </span>随时发现自己的问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>然后结合自身的情况<span lang="EN-US">, </span>自己动手<span lang="EN-US">, </span>如查阅书刊资料等<span lang="EN-US">, </span>能自己解决问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>才是真正意义上的向他人学习<span lang="EN-US">”</span>。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">就拿学习英语发音来说吧<span lang="EN-US">, </span>光靠上课那一会儿是不行的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>还必须在课后利用一切可能的机会<span lang="EN-US">, </span>如听广播、听录音、看电视、看电影、听报告、听讲演、与人交谈、读书、看报等<span lang="EN-US">, </span>随时注意观察别人的发音<span lang="EN-US">, </span>比较自己的发音<span lang="EN-US">, </span>发现自己的问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>设法找到纠正的办法<span lang="EN-US">, </span>反复琢磨实践<span lang="EN-US">, </span>才有可能使自己的发音日臻完美。如果说谁的发音好<span lang="EN-US">, </span>他一定是这样一点一点自我完善起来的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>绝不是一下子突然就次成功了的。其实<span lang="EN-US">, </span>做别的什么事又何尝不是如此呢！</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> 6. </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">把握自我<span lang="EN-US">, </span>广采博纳</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">目前国内较为流行的有美国英语、英国英语、加拿大英语和澳大利亚英语<span lang="EN-US">, </span>它们的发音是有明显差别的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>那么该学哪一种英语呢？老师们的发音也不一样<span lang="EN-US">, </span>该以哪位老师的发音为标准呢？在名目繁多的各色视听材料中<span lang="EN-US">, </span>各种发音竞相出现<span lang="EN-US">, </span>该选择哪一种材料呢？张说张有理<span lang="EN-US">, </span>王说王有理<span lang="EN-US">, </span>他们都以自己的标准来纠正别人的发音<span lang="EN-US">, </span>都说他们自己的发音是正确的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>那又该听谁的呢？</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">围绕着英语发音问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>人们因环境而异<span lang="EN-US">, </span>遇到了这样或那样的麻烦<span lang="EN-US">, </span>产生了这样或那样的疑问<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这是很自然的。面对这些问题<span lang="EN-US">, </span>初学英语的人必须做出自己的抉择。为此<span lang="EN-US">, </span>这里向读者介绍一条万全之策<span lang="EN-US">, </span>即<span lang="EN-US">:</span>学好一种英语、一种发音<span lang="EN-US">; </span>听懂他种英语<span lang="EN-US">, </span>他种发音<span lang="EN-US">; </span>理解各方意见<span lang="EN-US">, </span>分清你我界限<span lang="EN-US">; </span>把握自身特点<span lang="EN-US">, </span>不可鱼龙混然。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">这样就好办了<span lang="EN-US">, </span>原来学的是哪种发音<span lang="EN-US">, </span>应坚持下去<span lang="EN-US">, </span>就没有必要改了。如果发现有错<span lang="EN-US">, </span>还应按原来的那种发音来改<span lang="EN-US">, </span>决不可把自己的发音弄成各式发音的大拼盘。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">不同的老师使用不同的发音<span lang="EN-US">, </span>尽管不去评头论足<span lang="EN-US">, </span>只要能够听得懂<span lang="EN-US">, </span>就都是可以接受的<span lang="EN-US">, </span>因为语言是交际的工具<span lang="EN-US">, </span>只要能与老师交流就行。在与老师交流时<span lang="EN-US">, </span>只管使用自己熟悉的那种发音。否则<span lang="EN-US">, </span>张老师的也学<span lang="EN-US">, </span>王老师的也学<span lang="EN-US">, </span>总是处于一种游离不定的状态<span lang="EN-US">, </span>永远也不会形成属于自己的一种发音。只所以出现这种情况<span lang="EN-US">, </span>是自己对自己没有把握<span lang="EN-US">, </span>自己不相信自己<span lang="EN-US"> — </span>因为没有学好一种英语发音。不同发音的视听材料<span lang="EN-US">, </span>就如不同的老师<span lang="EN-US">, </span>可用同样的办法来对待它们。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">不同的英语发音虽有一定差别<span lang="EN-US">, </span>但却不象汉语中不同的方言那样<span lang="EN-US">, </span>相去甚远<span lang="EN-US">, </span>甲地的人听不懂乙地的话<span lang="EN-US">, </span>所以<span lang="EN-US">, </span>只要认真学好一种英语发音<span lang="EN-US">, </span>如英国英语发音、美国英语发音等<span lang="EN-US">, </span>足可以面对各种不同英语的。</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 20pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">—<span lang="EN-US">End</span></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span> 听君一席话，胜读一年英语。
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